Here’s something interesting which was brought to my attention.
Go to Wikipedia. Go to a random article. Click on the first link (not counting links inside parentheses, links in italics, links in Wikipedia info boxes, or links outside of Wikipedia). Then click on the first link again, and so on. You’ll eventually reach the page: Mathematics.
I tried this out a few times. Here are some results:
- [Henry Louis Vivian Derozio] leads to [India] leads to [South Asia] leads to [South] leads to [Noun] leads to [Linguistics] leads to [Human] leads to [Taxonomy] leads to [Science] leads to [Knowledge] leads to [Fact] leads to [Information] leads to [Sequence] leads to [Mathematics]!
- [Kaster]→[West Flanders]→[Provinces of Belgium]→[Belgium]→[Federation]→[Sovereign state]→[State (polity)]→[Social Sciences]→[Scholarship]→[World]→[Human]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Rosa Franklin]→[Washington (state)]→[U.S. state]→[Federated state]→[Constitution]→[State (polity)]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Blackburn Blackburn]→[United Kingdom]→[Sovereign state]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Verde River (Das Bois River)]→[Goiás]→[States of Brazil]→[Brazil]→[South America]→[Continent]→[Landmass]→[Landform]→[Earth science]→[Science]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Jack Brownschidle]→[United States]→[Federalism]→[Political]→[Group decision making]→[Individual]→[Vernacular]→[First language]→[Critical period hypothesis]→[Linguistics]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [7237 Vickyhamilton]→[Asteroid belt]→[Solar System]→[Sun]→[Star]→[Plasma (physics)]→[Physics]→[Natural science]→[Science]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Vidovača]→[Village]→[Human settlement]→[Archaeology]→[Human]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Thomas Michael McGovern]→[Fisher College]→[Beacon Street]→[Boston]→[List of capitals in the United States]→[Washington, D.C.]→[United States]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Shina people]→[Dard people]→[Afghanistan]→[Islamic Republic]→[Muslim world]→[Islam]→[Monotheistic]→[Deity]→[Preternatural]→[Nature]→[Phenomenon]→[Immanuel Kant]→[Germans]→[Germanic peoples]→[Ethnolinguistics]→[Linguistics]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
- [Gmina Wałcz]→[Gmina]→[Poland]→[Central Europe]→[Europe]→[Continent]→(see above)→[Mathematics]!
Finally some objective proof of the importance of mathematics
Every association game leads to mathematics!!
I wondered: what if we use the second link instead of the first? I tried it and got an infinite loop right away:
- [Cotnari River]→[Răşcana River]→[Bahlui River]→[Romania]→[Southeast Europe]→[Maria Todorova]→[Historian]→[Authority]→[Auctoritas]→[Authority]→(loops forever)
But this seems to be a special case. “Authority” begins by speaking about the word (and its etymology from Latin “auctoritas”) rather than the actual abstract concept. So I gave it another go, using second links:
- [Marie Redd]→[West Virginia]→[Appalachia]→[United States]→[Constitutional Republic]→[Head of state]→[Republic]→[Head of state]→(loops forever)
- [Municipal Art Society]→[Design]→[Engineering drawing]→[Engineering]→[Process (engineering)]→[Systems engineering]→[Engineering]→(loops forever)
- [Bierzo (DO)]→[Denominación de Origen]→[Spanish wine]→[Spain]→[Member state of the European Union]→[European Union]→[Political Union]→[Personal union]→[Monarch]→[Form of government]→[Government]→[State (polity)]→[Institution]→[Mechanism (sociology)]→[Social sciences]→[Umbrella term]→[Concept]→[Meaning]→[Meaning (non-linguistic)]→[Rorschach test]→[Ink]→[Pigment]→[Light]→[Visible spectrum]→[Electromagnetic spectrum]→[Atom]→[Atomic nucleus]→[Atom]→(loops forever)
Huh. So there is something special about first links. Second links appear to be prone to infinite loopage and non-convergence.
Whew! As that last one illustrates, these second-link runs can go on for quite awhile before finally settling into an infinite loop. A few questions are raised. Does any starting article not lead to infinite looping by following second links? Well, the answer must be no: there are only finitely many articles, so a sequence of articles cannot continue forever without repeating. But what’s the longest that a second-link run can go without looping? Do any starting pages lead to mathematics by way of second-link-following? Using the “What links here” feature, I was (with a little work) able to answer that last question in the affirmative: [Archimedean property] leads to [Analysis] which leads to [Mathematics]. It took a lot of misleads to find that, though!
Of course, egg’s on my face because as soon as I publish this post, no doubt people will go and alter the pages I’ve referenced so as to throw off my calculations. But surely my detractors can’t edit any nontrivial proportion of the Wikipedia, so the general pattern should remain there for you to investigate on your own
Can YOU find an initial article which doesn’t lead (by first-link-following) to Mathematics?
Update: It didn’t take long! Spencer wrote in: “I read your post on Wikipedia articles leading to mathematics recently, and felt inclined to see if I could find a page where this does not happen. Alas, I failed, but a good friend of mine did not. He showed me that the Wikipedia page entitled ‘Soviet Union’ links to an article that links back to ‘Soviet Union’.” Well, we all know what happened to the Soviet Union! Guess that’s what a government gets when it doesn’t invest enough in mathematics
FURTHER READING
Using Wolfram Alpha to prove 1=0
Ordinal Arithmetic and Internet Surfing
Search Engine Optimization: the new superstition
Guessability and the Turing Test
